Updated 3 Jan. 2023
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Chalceus Cuvier 1818 Latin for brazen or of brass, or “occasionally golden” (“quelquefois à la dorée”) per Cuvier, referring to “golden brown” (translation) scales of C. macrolepidotus

Chalceus epakros Zanata & Toledo-Piza 2004 épakros, Greek (ἔπακρος) for “pointed at the end,” referring to relatively longer and more acute snout compared with congeners

Chalceus erythrurus (Cope 1870) red-tailed, from erythrós (Gr. ἐρυθρός), red, and ourá (Gr. οὐρά), tail, referring to red caudal fin

Chalceus guaporensis Zanata & Toledo-Piza 2004 –ensis, Latin suffix denoting place: Rio Guaporé, Bolivia, one of three rivers in which it occurs (the other two are in Brazil and Peru)

Chalceus macrolepidotus Cuvier 1818 macro-, from makrós (Gr. μaκρóς), long or large; lepidōtós (Gr. λεπιδωτός), scaly, referring to its “extremely large” (translation) scales

Chalceus spilogyros Zanata & Toledo-Piza 2004 spílos (Gr. σπίλος), mark or spot; gȳ́ros (Gr. γῦρος), a circle, referring to rounded humeral spot