Revised 7 Dec. 2023
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Cirrhigaleus Tanaka 1912 cirrus (L.), tuft of hair or fringe, referring to moustache-like nasal barbels on C. barbifer; galeus, from galeós, (Gr. γαλεός), weasel, used by Aristotle for the name of a small shark or dogfish, perhaps alluding to the pointed snouts, swift movements and/or rapacious feeding behavior of smaller predatory sharks

Cirrhigaleus asper (Merrett 1973) Latin for rough, referring to its rough skin texture

Cirrhigaleus australis White, Last & Stevens 2007 Latin for southern, referring to distribution in the temperate Southern Hemisphere

Cirrhigaleus barbifer Tanaka 1912 barba (L.), beard or barbel; –fer, from fero (L.), to have or bear, referring to moustache-like barbels on anterior nasal flaps

Squalus Linnaeus 1758 squalus (L.), dirty or filthy (i.e., squalid), and an ancient Latin name for marine fishes considered unfit for human consumption, including sharks

Squalus acanthias Linnaeus 1758 Latin for a spiny or prickly thing, referring to its dorsal-fin spines

Squalus acanthias ponticus Myagkov & Kondyurin 1986 –icus (L.), belonging to: Pontos, ancient Greek name for the Black Sea, where it is endemic

Squalus acutipinnis Regan 1908 acutus (L.), sharp or pointed; pinnis, Neo-Latin adjective of pinna (L.), fin, presumably referring to its dorsal-fin spines

Squalus albicaudus Viana, Carvalho & Gomes 2016 albus (L.), white; cauda (L.), tail, referring to white ventral lobe of caudal fin

Squalus albifrons Last, White & Stevens 2007 albus (L.), white; frons (L.), face or brow, referring to white upper ocular margin in most specimens where denticles have been shed

Squalus altipinnis Last, White & Stevens 2007 altus (L.), high; pinnis, Neo-Latin adjective of pinna (L.), fin, referring to its upright dorsal fin

Squalus bahiensis Viana, Carvalho & Gomes 2016 –ensis, Latin suffix denoting place: coast off Bahia, Brazil, where it appears to be endemic

Squalus bassi Viana, Carvalho & Ebert 2017 in honor of Alan John Bass, former shark specialist from the Oceanographic Research Institute in Durban, South Africa, for his valuable contributions to the taxonomy of elasmobranch fishes from southern Africa

Squalus blainville (Risso 1827) in honor of zoologist-anatomist Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville (1777–1850), who named several shark taxa in 1816 [a noun in apposition, without the patronymic “i”]

Squalus boretzi Dolganov 2019 in honor of ichthyologist Leonid Aleksandrovich Boretz (also spelled Borets), Pacific Scientific Research Fisheries Centre (Vladivostok, Russia), for his contributions to the study of fishes from the Northwest Ridge of the Pacific Ocean

Squalus brevirostris Tanaka 1917 brevis (L.), short; rostris, Neo-Latin scientific adjective of rostrum (L.), snout, referring to shorter preoral snout length compared with S. japonicus

Squalus bucephalus Last, Séret & Pogonoski 2007 from bouképhalos (βουκέφαλος), bull-headed, from boū́s (βοῦς), bull (metaphorically used to mean big), and kephalḗ (κεφαλή), head, referring to its “relatively bulky” head

Squalus chloroculus Last, White & Motomura 2007 chlōrós (Gr. χλωρός), green; oculus (L.), eye, referring to the vivid green eyes of fresh specimens

Squalus clarkae Pfleger, Grubbs, Cotton & Daly-Engel 2018 in honor of Eugenie Clark (1922–2015), University of Maryland (USA), a “pioneer in the field of marine science broadly, and elasmobranch biology in the Gulf of Mexico [where this shark occurs] specifically,” serving as a “source of inspiration for countless scientists,” including the authors; her “history of deep sea research and passion for fauna of the Gulf of Mexico inspired the etymology presented herein”

Squalus crassispinus Last, Edmunds & Yearsley 2007 crassus (L.), thick, fat or stout; spinus (L.), thorn, referring to its stout dorsal-fin spines

Squalus cubensis Howell Rivero 1936 –ensis, Latin suffix denoting place: Havana, Cuba, type locality

Squalus edmundsi White, Last & Stevens 2007 in honor of Australian marine ecologist Matthew (Matt) J. Edmunds for his “high-quality, preliminary research” on Australian Squalus during a summer vacation scholarship at CSIRO Marine Laboratories in the early 1990s

Squalus formosus White & Iglésias 2011 –osus (L.), adjectival suffix, i.e., Formosan, referring to Formosa, or Taiwan, type locality

Squalus grahami White, Last & Stevens 2007 in honor of New Zealand-born Australian ichthyologist Kenneth (Ken) J. Graham (b. 1947), who collected holotype and has contributed “greatly” to the knowledge of southeast Australian elasmobranchs

Squalus griffini Phillipps 1931 patronym not identified but likely in honor of Louis T. Griffin (1870–1935), Auckland Museum, author of several papers on New Zealand fishes

Squalus hawaiiensis Daly-Engel, Koch, Anderson, Cotton & Grubbs 2018 –ensis, Latin suffix denoting place: Hawaiian Archipelago, type locality

Squalus hemipinnis White, Last & Yearsley 2007 hemi-, from hḗmisys (Gr. ἥμισυς), half; pinnis, Neo-Latin adjective of pinna (L.), fin, referring to strongly notched, v-shaped posterior margin of second dorsal fin

Squalus japonicus Ishikawa 1908 –icus (L.), belonging to: Japan, referring to type locality (Senoumi Bank, Suruga Bay, Honshu)

Squalus lalannei Baranes 2003 in honor of Maurice Lousteau-Lalanne (b. 1955), Ministry for the Protection of the Environment of the Republic of Seychelles, for his help in organizing the expedition that collected holotype, his kindness, and his friendship

Squalus lobularis Viana, Carvalho & Gomes 2016 Neo-Latin scientific adjective of lobus, from lobós (Gr. λοβός), lobe, referring to its diagnostic broad and lobe-like dorsal and pectoral fins

Squalus longispinis Fricke, Durville, Potin & Mulochau 2023 longus (L.), long; spinis, from spina (L.), thorn, referring to its long first and second dorsal-fin spines

Squalus mahia Viana, Lisher & Carvalho 2017 Malagasy (national language of Madagascar, where this shark occurs) word for skinny or very thin, referring to its conspicuously slender body, elongate and thin dorsal-fin spines, and narrow caudal fin compared with congeners

Squalus margaretsmithae Viana, Lisher & Carvalho 2017 in honor of Margaret Mary Smith (1916–1987), first director of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology (now the South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity), for her “remarkable contributions to ichthyology and her activism for women in science”

Squalus megalops (Macleay 1881) big-eyed, from mégas (Gr. μέγας), big, and ṓps (Gr. ὦψ), eye, referring to the “great length” of its “orbital cavity”

Squalus melanurus Fourmanoir 1979 black-tailed, from mélanos (Gr. μέλανος), genitive of mélas (μέλας), black, and urus, from ourá (Gr. οὐρά), tail, referring to black patch on lower caudal-fin lobe [authorship often given as Fourmanoir & Rivaton 1979]

Squalus mitsukurii Jordan & Snyder 1903 in honor of zoologist Kakichi Mitsukuri (1858-1909), dean of the Imperial University of Tokyo, who was with Jordan and Snyder at Misaki, Japan, when holotype was taken

Squalus montalbani Whitley 1931 patronym not identified but since name replaces the preoccupied S. philippinus of the Philippines, probably in honor of Filipino fisheries biologist Heraclio R. Montalban

Squalus nasutus Last, Marshall & White 2007 Latin for large-nosed, referring to elongated prenarial snout

Squalus notocaudatus Last, White & Stevens 2007 nota (L.), mark; caudatus (L.), tailed, referring to dark bar on caudal fin

Squalus probatovi Myagkov & Kondyurin 1986 in honor of Soviet ichthyologist A. N. Probatov, who initiated Soviet studies of dogfishes of the southern Atlantic (where this one occurs)

Squalus quasimodo Viana, Carvalho & Gomes 2016 named for the hump-backed character in Victor Hugo’s novel The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1831), referring to its conspicuous dorsally humped body

Squalus raoulensis Duffy & Last 2007 –ensis, Latin suffix denoting place: Raoul Island, New Zealand, type locality

Squalus shiraii Viana & Carvalho 2020 in honor of ichthyologist Shigeru M. Shirai, Tokyo University of Agriculture, for his “valuable” contributions to the systematics of Squaliformes
Squalus suckleyi (Girard 1855) in honor of American physician-naturalist George Suckley (1830–1869), who collected holotype