Updated 6 Dec. 2024
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Argentina Linnaeus 1758 Spanish for silvery, referring to bright silver peritoneum and scales of A. sphyraena, which were used to make artificial pearls

Argentina aliceae Cohen & Atsaides 1969 in honor of Alice Holland, former Secretary, Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Systematics Laboratory, U.S. National Museum, for her “devoted” services to ichthyology

Argentina australiae Cohen 1958 of Australia, proposed as an Australian subspecies of A. elongata

Argentina brasiliensis Kobyliansky 2004 –ensis, Latin suffix denoting place: coastal waters of Brazil, where it occurs

Argentina brucei Cohen & Atsaides 1969 in honor of American ichthyologist Bruce B. Collette (b. 1934), Director, National Marine Fisheries Service Systematics Laboratory, who helped collect many of the type specimens

Argentina elongata Hutton 1879 Latin for prolonged, referring to its elongate body

Argentina euchus Cohen 1961 from eûchos (Gr. εὖχος), the thing prayed for, referring to fact that this species is the “answer to a longstanding puzzle,” i.e., the true identity of specimens of A. sphyraena recorded from the western Indian Ocean but subsequently lost

Argentina georgei Cohen & Atsaides 1969 in honor of George Clipper, Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Systematics Laboratory, U.S. National Museum, where the authors are “indebted for [his] efficient assistance”

Argentina kagoshimae Jordan & Snyder 1902 of Kagoshima, a city on the island of Kyushu, Japan, type locality

Argentina sialis Gilbert 1890 from síalos (σίᾰλος), a porker or fat pig, or fat (noun), but sometimes used as an adjective (i.e., plump), allusion not explained, possibly referring to its “much deeper body” compared with the similar A. elongata

Argentina silus (Ascanius 1775) etymology not explained, presumably a Latinization of “Le Sil,” Ascanius’ French vernacular for this species, derived from Vas-Sil (modern spelling is vassild), its vernacular name in Norway, where Ascanius ate several and enjoyed its “very excellent” (translation) flesh

Argentina sphyraena Linnaeus 1758 from sphýraina (Gr. σφύραινα), a kind of sea-fish dating to Pliny, historically used for slender, sharp-headed fishes (e.g., barracudas), which this one certainly is

Argentina stewarti Cohen & Atsaides 1969 in honor of American shark biologist Stewart Springer (1906‒1991), for numerous contributions to the ichthyology of the tropical western Atlantic

Argentina striata Goode & Bean 1896 Latin for striated (marked with long, thin parallel streaks), referring to “obliquely striate” scales in lateral line

Glossanodon Guichenot 1867 glṓssa (Gr. γλῶσσα), tongue; án– (Gr. ἄν-), without, and odon, Latinized and grammatically adjusted from the Greek nominative ὀδούς (odoús), tooth; referring to perceived absence of tongue dentition on G. leioglossus (actually, small teeth are present on many specimens)

Subgenus Glossanodon

Glossanodon australis Kobyliansky 1998 Latin for southern, referring to occurrence in near-shore waters off eastern Australia in the Tasman Sea

Glossanodon danieli Parin & Shcherbachev 1982 in honor of American ichthyologist Daniel M. Cohen (1930–2017), Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, for contributions to the knowledge of the family Argentinidae

Glossanodon elongatus Kobyliansky 1998 Latin for prolonged, referring to its elongate body shape

Glossanodon kotakamaru Endo & Nashida 2010 named for the R/V Kotaka-maru, National Research Institute of Fisheries Science (Kochi, Japan), which collected paratypes and many other scientific specimens from Tosa Bay, Japan

Glossanodon leioglossus (Valenciennes 1848) leī́os (Gr. λεῖος) smooth; glṓssa (Gr. γλῶσσα), tongue, referring to perceived absence of tongue dentition (actually, small teeth are present on many specimens)

Glossanodon lineatus (Matsubara 1943) Latin for lined, allusion not explained, possibly referring to “definite dark brown longitudinal band” immediately above lateral line and/or silvery band below it (figure accompanying description illustrates both of these features but also shows a prominent lateral line)

Glossanodon macrocephalus Bineesh & Endo 2019 big-headed, from makrós (Gr. μακρός), long or large, and kephalḗ (Gr. κεφαλή), head, referring to larger head compared with congeners

Glossanodon melanomanus Kobyliansky 1998 mélanos (Gr. μέλανος), genitive of mélas (μέλας), black; –oma, English suffix denoting a tumor and other abnormal growths, referring to black spot on pectoral fin; –anus (L.), adjectival suffix

Glossanodon microcephalus Endo & Nishida 2012 small-headed, from mikrós (Gr. μικρός), small, and kephalḗ (Gr. κεφαλή), head, referring to smaller head compared to most congeners

Glossanodon mildredae Cohen & Atsaides 1969 in honor of scientific illustrator Mildred H. Carrington (1908–1988), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, “whose tasteful and accurate drawings have contributed greatly to the progress of ichthyology”

Glossanodon nazca Parin & Shcherbachev 1982 named for the Nazca Ridge, eastern South Pacific, type locality

Glossanodon polli Cohen 1958 in honor of Belgian ichthyologist Max Poll (1908–1991), who first reported and illustrated this species (as Argentina sphyraena) in 1953

Glossanodon pseudolineatus Kobyliansky 1998 pseudo-, from pseúdēs (Gr. ψεύδης), false, i.e., although this species may superficially resemble G. lineatus, such an appearance is false

Glossanodon semifasciatus (Kishinouye 1904) semi-, from semis (L.), a half or moiety; fasciatus (L.), banded, referring to 7–10 dusky blotches or saddle marks of adults, which are confined to dorsal half of body

Glossanodon struhsakeri Cohen 1970 in honor of Paul Struhsaker (1935–2018), University of Hawaii, who collected holotype during his investigations on the biology of Hawaiian demersal fish and shrimp populations

Glossanodon (Subgenus Prosoarchus) Cohen 1958 prósō (Gr. πρόσω), forward or in front; archus, from archós (Gr. ἀρχός), anus, referring to forwardly positioned anus of G. pygmaeus

Glossanodon pygmaeus Cohen 1958 Latin for dwarfish, referring to its small size (up to 86.6 mm SL)